节点度估计和静态博弈转发策略的Ad Hoc网络路由协议

针对Ad Hoc网络路由发现过程中广播路由请求分组导致的广播风暴问题，提出了一种基于节点度估计和静态博弈转发策略的Ad Hoc网络路由协议NGRP.NGRP考虑边界影响，采用分段函数的思想将网络场景分为中心、边和角区域，分别估算网络中节点在不同区域的节点度，避免了周期性广播Hello消息获取节点度导致的开销；NGRP路由请求分组的转发采用静态博弈转发策略，利用节点度估算参与转发路由请求分组的节点数量，将转发和不转发作为策略集合，设计效益函数，通过纳什均衡获得节点转发路由请求分组的转发概率，从而减少了路由请求分组广播过程中产生的大量的冗余、竞争和冲突，提高了路由发现过程中路由请求分组的广播效率.运用NS-2对协议的性能进行大量的仿真，结果表明：NGRP的分组投递率、路由开销、MAC层路由开销和吞吐率这4项指标明显优于AODV+FDG，AODV with Hello和AODV without Hello协议.     

桩土复合路基静载试验改进方法研究

静载试验作为复合路基的一种重要检测手段而广泛应用,然而,在工程质量检测中,常出现检测结果与实际情况不符的情况,除人为操作因素外,垫层模拟过于简单是主要原因。借助引入弹性垫层,提出一种桩土复合路基静载试验改进方法。首先,基于数值模拟计算,建立复合路基桩土应力比n和桩土相对位移Δs、弹性垫层厚度h和弹性垫层模量E的函数关系;其次,通过模拟结果和路堤荷载结果对比,确定不同桩型复合路基静载试验中弹性垫层参数选择范围,最后,利用现场对比试验和实测结果,论证桩土复合路基静载试验改进方法的正确性和可靠性。     

考虑速度滑移的多孔质静压气体轴承静特性

对于多孔质材料内的气体流动,基于Darcy定律建立其理论模型,并建立气膜间隙流场的雷诺方程,考虑速度滑移修正方程;将上述2个区域的压力分布方程进行耦合,通过有限元方法对耦合后的压力分布方程进行离散化,用超松弛迭代求解出气膜内各节点的压力分布,分析速度滑移对多孔质静压气体轴承静特性的影响。结果表明,考虑速度滑移所计算的气膜压力分布变化平稳过渡,没有较大的突变。计算轴承的承载力及刚度,结果显示在气密间隙小于15μm时,随着气膜厚度的增大偏心导致的压差增大使承载力不断增大;且当速度滑移系数小于0.1时,速度滑移对轴承承载力及刚度有较大的影响。     

Optimum lateral extent of soil domain for dynamic SSI analysis of RC framed buildings on pile foundations

This article describes a novel approach for deciding optimal horizontal extent of soil domain to be used for finite element based numerical dynamic soil structure interaction (SSI) studies. SSI model for a 12 storied building frame, supported on pile foundation-soil system, is developed in the finite element based software framework, OpenSEES. Three different structure-foundation configurations are analyzed under different ground motion characteristics. Lateral extent of soil domain, along with the soil properties, were varied exhaustively for a particular structural configuration. Based on the reduction in the variation of acceleration response at different locations in the SSI system (quantified by normalized root mean square error, NRMSE), the optimum lateral extent of the soil domain is prescribed for various structural widths, soil types and peak ground acceleration levels of ground motion. Compared to the past studies, error estimation analysis shows that the relationships prescribed in the present study are credible and more inclusive of the various factors that influence SSI. These relationships can be readily applied for deciding upon the lateral extent of the soil domain for conducting precise SSI analysis with reduced computational time.     

强风化砂岩边坡锚筋桩布置方式及支护作用研究

强风化顺层砂岩边坡具有节理裂隙发育、强度低的特征,导致开挖过程中出现边坡稳定问题。单纯的锚杆锚索支护无法满足边坡稳定性需求,在现场抗滑桩施工困难的情况下,选用经济、高效、施工便利的锚筋桩结合锚杆锚索对强风化顺层砂岩边坡进行支护。针对强风化砂岩破碎且强度低的特性,考虑高压注浆的劈裂作用,通过FLAC 3D数值模拟进行方案比选,得到适用于强风化砂岩边坡的锚筋桩多角度交叉布置方案。根据试验段边坡锚筋桩监测数据,分析强风化顺层砂岩边坡锚筋桩作用机理,验证了多角度交叉布置锚筋桩对强风化顺层砂岩边坡的加固效果。     

热效应对高速圆锥动静压轴承静特性的影响

为研究热效应对高速圆锥动静压轴承静特性的影响,建立具有深浅腔结构的圆锥动静压轴承的Reynolds方程、能量方程、深腔流量平衡方程及相关控制方程;采用有限元法和有限差分法对其进行离散,运用正系数法则对能量方程系数及常数项的离散系数进行处理,联立求解得到油膜压力分布与温度分布,计算出高速圆锥动静压轴承的静参数,并分析热效应对高速圆锥动静压轴承静特性的影响。结果表明:热效应使高速圆锥动静压轴承油膜压力减小,且转速越大,压力减幅越大,油膜温升越明显;计入热效应后,润滑油黏度降低,引起高速圆锥动静压轴承偏位角增大,轴向、径向承载力减小,端泄流量增大,摩擦力减小,且转速越高变化越显著。     

Q235碳钢在静止和流动条件下的腐蚀不均匀性研究

目的研究Q235碳钢在静止和流动条件下腐蚀程度和主要腐蚀区域的差异。方法使用丝束电极(WBE)技术和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)技术分别研究了WBE在静止和流动条件下的电流密度分布、电荷转移电阻以及腐蚀形貌的变化和差异,同时分析了电极的极性转换现象。结果流动条件下Q235碳钢的电荷转移电阻明显降低。在静止条件下,Q235碳钢表面阳极电流区域所占的最大比例为47%,且阳极电流峰集中出现在WBE的中间区域,而四周边缘处的阳极电流峰较少。在流动条件下,Q235碳钢表面的阳极电流区域所占的最大比例为58%,阳极电流峰随机分布在整个WBE表面,且电流分布区间明显变窄。浸泡在静止条件下的58~#电极和流动条件下的39~#电极发生了多次极性转换现象。结论 Q235碳钢在静止和流动条件下均发生了明显的不均匀腐蚀现象。流动条件加剧了Q235碳钢的腐蚀且降低了腐蚀不均匀性。静止条件下Q235碳钢的腐蚀区域集中在中间区域,流动条件下Q235碳钢的腐蚀区域随机分布在整个碳钢表面。静止和流动条件下的钢电极均发生了电流的极性转换现象。     

杂填土边坡稳定性分析及其抗滑桩优化设计

以某建筑场地边坡的实际地质条件为基础,建立了边坡稳定性的FLAC 3D数值模拟模型,分别分析了有无支护3种工况下的边坡稳定性,研究了边坡安全稳定系数随抗滑桩加固位置、长度和桩间距的变化规律,给出了合理的抗滑桩设计方法。结果表明:(1)边坡的最大水平位移和竖向位移出现在素填土层的坡顶和坡中位置,无支护条件下难以满足安全储备要求;(2)合理的抗滑桩加固位置可以将边坡安全稳定系数提高到满足安全储备要求,抗滑桩的最佳加固位置为边坡中部距底坡水平距离为34m处;(3)边坡的安全稳定系数随抗滑桩长度的增大和桩间距的减小而增大,抗滑桩的最佳长度和间距分别为20m和8m。     

Detection Technique of Software-Induced Rowhammer Attacks

Side-channel attacks have recently progressed into software-induced attacks. In particular, a rowhammer attack, which exploits the characteristics of dynamic random access memory (DRAM), can quickly and continuously access the cells as the cell density of DRAM increases, thereby generating a disturbance error affecting the neighboring cells, resulting in bit flips. Although a rowhammer attack is a highly sophisticated attack in which disturbance errors are deliberately generated into data bits, it has been reported that it can be exploited on various platforms such as mobile devices, web browsers, and virtual machines. Furthermore, there have been studies on bypassing the defense measures of DRAM manufacturers and the like to respond to rowhammer attacks. A rowhammer attack can control user access and compromise the integrity of sensitive data with attacks such as a privilege escalation and an alteration of the encryption keys. In an attempt to mitigate a rowhammer attack, various hardware- and software-based mitigation techniques are being studied, but there are limitations in that the research methods do not detect the rowhammer attack in advance, causing overhead or degradation of the system performance. Therefore, in this study, a rowhammer attack detection technique is proposed by extracting common features of rowhammer attack files through a static analysis of rowhammer attack codes.